Low-pressure casting aluminum alloy wheels
Abstract: Cars are indispensable means of transportation for human beings. The appearance of the car is convenient
People’s lives have driven the development of the automobile industry and related industries. A car is a complex machine with many parts, such as wheels. There are many knowledges about wheel manufacturing. At present, common wheels are made of aluminum alloy and made by low-pressure casting technology. This article introduces the advantages of aluminum alloy material, studies its structure and properties, and then discusses the specific optimization of the low-pressure casting aluminum alloy wheel casting process.
From ancient horse-drawn carriages to modern automobiles, the means of transportation are becoming more and more developed, helping people save a lot of time spent on the road. Nowadays, cars have entered thousands of households, from the initial luxury goods to the essentials of ordinary people. Moreover, the price of cars is gradually being accepted by the public. The annual increase in the number of cars in China can fully show that cars have become a very popular means of transportation among the people. Where there is demand, there is a market. From the automotive industry to the automotive aftermarket, they have all developed rapidly. The faster the development, the more problems will follow. Automobile wheels are important parts of automobiles. With regard to the material and manufacturing process of the wheels, the most common ones are aluminum alloy wheels and low-pressure casting. In this paper, the optimization of low-pressure casting aluminum alloy wheel casting process and the structure and properties of the research were carried out.
1 Research on the advantages and microstructure properties of aluminum alloy wheels
Car repair and maintenance has always been the most troublesome issue for manufacturers and car owners. Especially in terms of auto parts, how to make cars better and more durable has become an issue of great concern to current auto manufacturers and car owners. Regarding automobile wheels, the common material is aluminum alloy.
1.1 Advantages of aluminum alloy wheels
Compared with other metals, aluminum alloy wheels have many advantages. The main element of aluminum alloy is aluminum. Aluminum has a small density and an ultra-low melting point. Therefore, aluminum is very light and not as hard as steel. Adding some alloys can change its “weak” status. The aluminum alloy. Aluminum cannot be used alone as a rigid material, but aluminum alloy can change the current situation and performance of aluminum, and at the same time, continue the light weight advantage of aluminum. Aluminum alloy is not only light, but also corrosion-resistant, excellent in performance and high in strength. Moreover, it also has some advantages that steel has never had before, and it has very strong plasticity. Its lightness is not comparable to steel and other things. In industry, the application of aluminum alloy is not inferior to other materials, especially in the automotive industry, showing a strong advantage. 1.2 Research on the structure and properties of aluminum alloys has advantages and disadvantages. It is undeniable that although aluminum alloys have many advantages, they still have certain disadvantages. For example, after encountering high temperature, aluminum alloy will lose part of its properties, become soft, and its fluidity will be greatly weakened, which will affect the quality of aluminum alloy castings. Regarding the properties of aluminum alloys, there is a technology called “repair” applied to the aluminum alloy process, which greatly improves the gradual quality of aluminum alloys. The security measures of this technology are relatively complete, but if it is not used in place, it may produce a high risk, and the audit threatens the safety of people’s lives. Therefore, the technique of “repairing” needs to fully guarantee the quality of aluminum alloy castings. Commonly used tools for repairing injuries include pneumatic grinders, pneumatic milling cutters, electric milling cutters, and flat shovel.
In order to ensure that the technology can fully play its role, it must be processed step by step in order, not to repair the injury too deliberately, but to have a perfect and natural transition. Regarding the structure and properties of aluminum alloys, it is important to understand that the alloys in aluminum alloys are mainly used to enhance the strength of materials. For example, copper, magnesium and other elements can form two or more high-hardness intermetallic compounds with aluminum. Mutually. This compound phase will dissolve with the gradual increase of different temperatures. This dissolution is directly related to temperature. If the temperature is very low, then there will be no complete dissolution, only partial dissolution. The hardness of aluminum alloy castings depends on the temperature, because the higher the temperature, the compound will be completely dissolved, and the resulting structure and properties are self-evident. However, when the compound cannot be fully dissolved due to the low temperature, many unmelted parts will inevitably remain and combine with the aluminum solid solution to form a compound phase with higher hardness. Therefore, in order to ensure good structure and performance of the aluminum alloy, it is necessary to set the solution temperature reasonably, understand the principle, and the conditions of compound dissolution, and then the aluminum alloy with higher hardness can be obtained.
2 Optimization of casting process for low-pressure casting aluminum alloy wheels
2.1 Low-pressure casting aluminum alloy technology
After analyzing the structure and properties of aluminum alloy, it is not difficult to find the significance of using low-pressure casting aluminum alloy wheels. Low-pressure casting has a history of more than a century, and this method was used in the initial casting. Low-pressure casting is a common casting method for aluminum alloys. Low-pressure casting can ensure the quality of aluminum alloy castings and achieve more powerful performance. The pressure used in low pressure casting is relatively low, and the casting site is a closed environment. Aluminum alloy must be able to withstand the pressure of low-pressure casting gradually, so that casting can be achieved smoothly. Low-pressure casting aluminum alloy castings can meet the needs of customers, and its utilization rate is high, and the scope of application is relatively wide, so the advantages of low-pressure casting are self-evident. However, the advantages and disadvantages are still obvious. The low quality of some aluminum alloy castings is mainly due to the voids in the internal structure caused by the imperfect process, or the loss, and the quality defects of the castings appear. In addition, too high temperature and unsuitable tools can also cause quality defects in castings. The temperature control is very important, not too high or too low, just right.
2.2 Technical optimization of low-pressure casting aluminum alloy
Regarding the optimization of low-pressure casting aluminum alloy technology, the following points should be noted. First, constantly use new molds and eliminate outdated molds, so that the quality and efficiency of low-pressure casting can be improved. Second, the introduction of advanced production equipment and the absorption of foreign advanced technical experience. This is undoubtedly the best stage for continuous optimization and learning for China’s low-pressure casting aluminum alloy technology. Through the optimization of technology and equipment, the quality of castings will inevitably reach A new level reduces the occurrence of defects. Third, the proficient application of low-pressure casting technology is inseparable from the operation of the corresponding technical personnel. Therefore, it is necessary to train the technical personnel on a regular basis. It is best to select some outstanding undergraduates and increase the technical content through actual training. The quality of technology is reflected through continuous learning, but the premise is to have a good foundation. Hiring outstanding graduates of this major to participate in this work is an inevitable trend in the development of low-pressure casting technology. On the contrary, if you blindly adopt people who lack professional skills, can only be reckless, have low education, and lack sufficient experience, it will only reduce the development of the technology and affect the improvement of the quality of castings.
The optimization of low-pressure casting aluminum alloy technology is, on the one hand, to provide the quality of car wheels, thereby improving the performance of the car; on the other hand, and most importantly, to improve China’s industrial level. The current level of industrialization cannot be compared with developed countries in other countries. Therefore, if China is to become strong, it must raise its industrial level.
3 concluding remarks
In summary, the advantages of aluminum alloy cannot be ignored, and the use of low-pressure casting technology on this basis is undoubtedly the icing on the cake. However, the current low-pressure casting aluminum alloy technology still has certain problems, which can cause quality defects in castings. In order to improve the status quo, it is necessary to continuously learn new technologies and experience and introduce advanced equipment to ensure the smooth development of low-pressure casting aluminum alloy technology.
